Journal of Clinical Lipidology
Volume 2, Issue 4 , Pages 289-297 , August 2008

Plasma coenzyme Q10 predicts lipid-lowering response to high-dose atorvastatin

  • Michael A. Pacanowski, PharmD, MPH

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pharmacy Practice and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100486, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
  • ,
  • Reginald F. Frye, PharmD, PhD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pharmacy Practice and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100486, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
  • ,
  • Osatohanmen Enogieru

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pharmacy Practice and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100486, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
  • ,
  • Richard S. Schofield, MD

      Affiliations

    • Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100486, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
    • Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Gainesville, FL, USA
  • ,
  • Issam Zineh, PharmD

      Affiliations

    • Department of Pharmacy Practice and Center for Pharmacogenomics, University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100486, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
    • Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Florida College of Medicine, PO Box 100486, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author.

Received 3 March 2008 ,Accepted 4 May 2008.

References 

  1. Zineh I, Welder GJ, DeBella AE, Arant CB, Wessel TR, Schofield RS. Atorvastatin effect on circulating and leukocyte-produced CD40 ligand concentrations in people with normal cholesterol levels: a pilot study. Pharmacotherapy. 2006;26:1572–1577
  2. Pedro-Botet J, Schaefer EJ, Bakker-Arkema RG, et al. Apolipoprotein E genotype affects plasma lipid response to atorvastatin in a gender specific manner. Atherosclerosis. 2001;158:183–193
  3. Cannon CP, Braunwald E, McCabe CH, et al. Intensive versus moderate lipid lowering with statins after acute coronary syndromes. N Engl J Med. 2004;350:1495–1504
  4. LaRosa JC, Grundy SM, Waters DD, et al. Intensive lipid lowering with atorvastatin in patients with stable coronary disease. N Engl J Med. 2005;352:1425–1435
  5. Zineh I. Pharmacogenetics of response to statins. Curr Atheroscler Rep. 2007;9:187–194
  6. Sattar N, Murray HM, McConnachie A, et al. C-reactive protein and prediction of coronary heart disease and global vascular events in the Prospective Study of Pravastatin in the Elderly at Risk (PROSPER). Circulation. 2007;115:981–989
  7. Marcoff L, Thompson PD. The role of coenzyme Q10 in statin-associated myopathy: a systematic review. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;49:2231–2237
  8. Rundek T, Naini A, Sacco R, Coates K, DiMauro S. Atorvastatin decreases the coenzyme Q10 level in the blood of patients at risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Arch Neurol. 2004;61:889–892
  9. Davidson M, McKenney J, Stein E, et al. Comparison of one-year efficacy and safety of atorvastatin versus lovastatin in primary hypercholesterolemia (Atorvastatin Study Group I). Am J Cardiol. 1997;79:1475–1481
  10. Hansen G, Christensen P, Tuchsen E, Lund T. Sensitive and selective analysis of coenzyme Q10 in human serum by negative APCI LC-MS. Analyst. 2004;129:45–50
  11. Alsheikh-Ali AA, Maddukuri PV, Han H, Karas RH. Effect of the magnitude of lipid lowering on risk of elevated liver enzymes, rhabdomyolysis, and cancer: insights from large randomized statin trials. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2007;50:409–418
  12. Grundy SM, Cleeman JI, Merz CN, et al. Implications of recent clinical trials for the National Cholesterol Education Program Adult Treatment Panel III guidelines. Circulation. 2004;110:227–239
  13. Libby P. The forgotten majority: unfinished business in cardiovascular risk reduction. J Am Coll Cardiol. 2005;46:1225–1228
  14. Tomasetti M, Alleva R, Solenghi MD, Littarru GP. Distribution of antioxidants among blood components and lipoproteins: significance of lipids/CoQ10 ratio as a possible marker of increased risk for atherosclerosis. Biofactors. 1999;9:231–240
  15. Mortensen SA, Leth A, Agner E, Rohde M. Dose-related decrease of serum coenzyme Q10 during treatment with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Mol Aspects Med. 1997;18(suppl):S137–S144
  16. Mabuchi H, Higashikata T, Kawashiri M, et al. Reduction of serum ubiquinol-10 and ubiquinone-10 levels by atorvastatin in hypercholesterolemic patients. J Atheroscler Thromb. 2005;12:111–119
  17. Shin MJ, Chung N, Lee JH, et al. Effects of simvastatin on plasma antioxidant status and vitamins in hypercholesterolemic patients. Int J Cardiol. 2007;118:173–177
  18. Elmberger PG, Kalen A, Lund E, et al. Effects of pravastatin and cholestyramine on products of the mevalonate pathway in familial hypercholesterolemia. J Lipid Res. 1991;32:935–940
  19. Paiva H, Thelen KM, Van Coster R, et al. High-dose statins and skeletal muscle metabolism in humans: a randomized, controlled trial. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2005;78:60–68
  20. Laaksonen R, Ojala JP, Tikkanen MJ, Himberg JJ. Serum ubiquinone concentrations after short- and long-term treatment with HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors. Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 1994;46:313–317
  21. Laaksonen R, Jokelainen K, Sahi T, Tikkanen MJ, Himberg JJ. Decreases in serum ubiquinone concentrations do not result in reduced levels in muscle tissue during short-term simvastatin treatment in humans. Clin Pharmacol Ther. 1995;57:62–66
  22. Laaksonen R, Jokelainen K, Laakso J, et al. The effect of simvastatin treatment on natural antioxidants in low-density lipoproteins and high-energy phosphates and ubiquinone in skeletal muscle. Am J Cardiol. 1996;77:851–854
  23. de Lorgeril M, Salen P, Bontemps L, Belichard P, Geyssant A, Itti R. Effects of lipid-lowering drugs on left ventricular function and exercise tolerance in dyslipidemic coronary patients. J Cardiovasc Pharmacol. 1999;33:473–478
  24. Bleske BE, Willis RA, Anthony M, et al. The effect of pravastatin and atorvastatin on coenzyme Q10. Am Heart J. 2001;142:E2
  25. Berthold HK, Naini A, Di Mauro S, et al. Effect of ezetimibe and/or simvastatin on coenzyme Q10 levels in plasma: a randomised trial. Drug Saf. 2006;29:703–712
  26. Ghirlanda G, Oradei A, Manto A, et al. Evidence of plasma CoQ10-lowering effect by HMG-CoA reductase inhibitors: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Pharmacol. 1993;33:226–229
  27. Human JA, Ubbink JB, Jerling JJ, et al. The effect of simvastatin on the plasma antioxidant concentrations in patients with hypercholesterolaemia. Clin Chim Acta. 1997;263:67–77
  28. Rundek T, Naini A, Sacco R, Coates K, DiMauro S. Atorvastatin decreases the coenzyme Q10 level in the blood of patients at risk for cardiovascular disease and stroke. Arch Neurol. 2004;61:889–892
  29. Asano A, Kobayashi J, Murase Y, et al. Effects of fenofibrate therapy on plasma ubiquinol-10 and ubiquinone-10 levels in Japanese patients with hyperlipidemia and type 2 diabetes mellitus. Pharmacotherapy. 2006;26:447–451

PII: S1933-2874(08)00202-X

doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2008.05.001

Journal of Clinical Lipidology
Volume 2, Issue 4 , Pages 289-297 , August 2008