Journal of Clinical Lipidology
Volume 3, Issue 4 , Pages 281-288 , August 2009

Regulation of human stearoyl-CoA desaturase by omega-3 and omega-6 fatty acids: Implications for the dietary management of elevated serum triglycerides

  • Rodney A. Velliquette, PhD

      Affiliations

    • The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
    • ,
  • Peter J. Gillies, PhD

      Affiliations

    • DuPont Applied BioSciences, Experimental Station, E328/267, P.O. Box 80328 Wilmington, DE 19880-0328, USA
    • Corresponding Author InformationCorresponding author.
    • ,
  • Penny M. Kris-Etherton, PhD

      Affiliations

    • The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
    • ,
  • John W. Green, PhD

      Affiliations

    • DuPont Applied BioSciences, Experimental Station, E328/267, P.O. Box 80328 Wilmington, DE 19880-0328, USA
    • ,
  • Guixiang Zhao, PhD

      Affiliations

    • The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA
    • ,
  • John P. Vanden Heuvel, PhD

      Affiliations

    • The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA

Received 11 February 2009 ,Accepted 12 June 2009.

References 

  1. Cullen P. Evidence that triglycerides are an independent coronary heart disease risk factor. Am J Cardiol. 2000;86:943–949
  2. Bansal S, Buring JE, Rifai N, Mora S, Sacks FM, Ridker PM. Fasting compared with nonfasting triglycerides and risk of cardiovascular events in women. JAMA. 2007;298:309–316
  3. Third report of the national cholesterol education program (NCEP) expert panel on detection, evaluation, and treatment of high blood cholesterol in adults (Adult Treatment Panel lll) final report. Circulation. 2002;106:3142–3421
  4. Adiels M, Olofsson SO, Taskinen MR, Boren J. Overproduction of very low-density lipoproteins is the hallmark of the dyslipidemia in the metabolic syndrome. Arterioscler Thromb Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1225–1236
  5. Ntambi JM. Regulation of stearoyl-CoA desaturase by polyunsaturated fatty acids and cholesterol. J Lipid Res. 1999;40:1549–1558
  6. Nakamura MT, Nara TY. Structure, function and dietary regulation of Δ6, Δ5, and Δ9 desaturases. Annu Rev Nutr. 2004;24:345–376
  7. Man WC, Miyazaki M, Chu K, Ntambi J. Colocalization of SCD1 and DGAT2: implying preference for endogenous monounsaturated fatty acids in triglyceride synthesis. J Lipid Res. 2006;47:1928–1939
  8. Miyazaki M, Kim YC, Ntambi JM. A lipogenic diet in mice with a disruption of the stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 gene reveals a stringent requirement of endogenous monounsaturated fatty acids for triglyceride synthesis. J Lipid Res. 2001;42:1018–1024
  9. Miyazaki M, Ntambi JM. Role of stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase in lipid metabolism. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2003;68:113–150
  10. Atttie AD, Flowers MT, Flowers JB, Groen AK, Kuipers F, Ntambi JM. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase deficiency, hypercholesterolemia, cholestatsis, and diabetes. Nutr Rev. 2007;65:S35–S38
  11. Yee JK, Mao CS, Hummel HS, Lim S, Sugano S, Rehan VK, et al. Compartmentalization of stearoyl-CoA desaturase enzyme-1 activity in HepG2 cells. J Lipid Res. 2008;49:2124–2134
  12. Attie AD, Krauss RM, Gray-Keller MP, Brownlie A, Miyazaki M, Kastelein JJ, et al. Relationship between stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity and plasma triglycerides in human and mouse hypertriglyceridemia. J Lipid Res. 2002;43:1899–1907
  13. Shiwaku K, Hashimoto M, Kitajima K, Nogi A, Anuurad E, Enkhmaa B, et al. Triglyceride levels are ethnic-specifically associated with an index of stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity and n-3 PUFA levels in Asians. J Lipid Res. 2004;45:914–922
  14. Mar-Heyming R, Miyazaki M, Weissglass-Volkov D, Kolaitis NA, Sadaat N, Plaisier C, et al. Association of stearoyl-CoA desaturase 1 activity with familial combined hyperlipidemia. Arterioscler Thrombo Vasc Biol. 2008;28:1193–1199
  15. Enoch HG, Catala A, Strittmatter P. Mechanism of rat liver microsomal stearoyl-CoA desaturase. Studies of the substrate specificity, enzyme-substrate interactions and the function of lipid. J Biol Chem. 1976;251:5095–5103
  16. Miyazaki M, Bruggink SM, Ntambi JM. Identification of mouse palmitoyl-coenzyme A Δ9-desaturase. J Lipid Res. 2006;47:700–704
  17. Petersson H, Basu S, Cederholm T, Riserus U. Serum fatty acid composition and indices of stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity are associated with systemic inflammation: longitudinal analysis in middle-aged men. Br J Nutr. 2008;99:1186–1189
  18. Petersson H, Lind L, Hulthe J, Elmgren A, Cederholm T, Riserus U. Relationship between serum fatty acid composition and multiple markers of inflammation and endothelial function in an elderly population. Atherosclerosis. 2009;203:298–303
  19. Corpeleijn E, Feskens EJM, Jansen EHJM, Mensink M, Saris WHM, de Bruin TWA, et al. Improvements in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity after lifestyle intervention are related to changes in serum fatty acid profiles and desaturase activities: the SLIM study. Diabetologia. 2006;49:2392–2401
  20. Warensjo E, Riserus U, Vessby B. Fatty acid composition of serum lipids predicts the development of the metabolic syndrome in men. Diabetologia. 2005;48:1999–2005
  21. Paillard F, Catheline D, Le Duff F, Bouriel M, Deugnier Y, Pouchard M, et al. Plasma palmitoleic acid, a product of stearoyl-coA desaturase activity, is an independent marker of triglyceridemia and abdominal adiposity. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2008;18:436–440
  22. Dobrzyn A, Ntambi JM. Stearoyl-CoA desaturase as a new drug target for obesity treatment. Obes Rev. 2005;6:169–174
  23. Jiang G, Li Z, Liu F, Ellsworth K, Dallas-Yang Q, Wu M, et al. Prevention of obesity in mice by antisense oligonucleotide inhibitors of stearoyl-CoA desaturase-1. J Clin Invest. 2005;115:1030–1038
  24. Warensjo E, Riserus U, Gustafsson IB, Mohsen R, Cederholm T, Vessby B. Effects of saturated and unsaturated fatty acids on estimated desaturase activities during a controlled dietary intervention. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis. 2008;18:683–690
  25. Griel AE, Cao Y, Bagshaw DD, Cifelli AM, Holub B, Kris-Etherton PM. A macadamia nut-rich diet reduces total and LDL-cholesterol in mildly hypercholesterolemic men and women. J Nutr. 2008;138:761–767
  26. Zhao G, Etherton TD, Martin KR, West SG, Gillies PJ, Kris-Etherton PM. Dietary alpha-linolenic acid reduces inflammatory and lipid cardiovascular risk factors in hypercholesterolemic men and women. J Nutr. 2004;134:2991–2997
  27. Zhao G, Etherton TD, Martin KR, Gillies PJ, West SG, Kris-Etherton PM. Dietary α-linolenic acid inhibits proinflammatory cytokine production by peripheral blood mononuclear cells in hypercholesteroloemic subjects. Am J Clin Nutr. 2007;85:385–391
  28. Brenna JT, Salem N, Sinclair AJ, Cunnane SC. α-Linolenic acid supplementation and conversion to n-3 long-chain polyunsaturated fatty acids in humans. Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 2009;80:85–91
  29. Sampath H, Ntambi JM. Stearoyl-coenzyme A desaturase 1, sterol regulatory element binding protein-1c and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-α: independent and interactive roles in the regulation of lipid metabolism. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care. 2006;9:84–88
  30. Matsuzaka T, Shimano H, Yahagi N, Kato T, Atsumi A, Yamamoto T, et al. Crucial role of a long-chain fatty acid elongase, Elov16, in obesity-induced insulin resistance. Nat Med. 2007;13:1193–1202
  31. Harris WS, von Schacky C. The omega-3 index: a new risk factor for death from coronary heart disease?. Prev Med. 2004;39:212–220
  32. Warensjo E, Sundstroom J, Vessby B, Cederholm T, Riserus U. Markers of dietary fat quality and fatty acid desaturation as predictors of total and cardiovascular mortality: a population–based prospective study. Am J Clin Nutr. 2008;88:203–209
  33. Saito Y, Yokoyama M, Origasa H, Matsuzaki M, Matsuzawa Y, Ishikawa Y, et al. Effects of EPA on coronary artery disease in hypercholesterolemic patients with multiple risk factors: Sub-analysis of primary prevention cases from the Japan EPA Lipid Intervention Study (JELIS). Atherosclerosis. 2008;200:135–140
  34. Harris WS, Mozaffarian D, Lefevre M, Toner CD, Colombo J, Cunnane SC, et al. Towards establishing dietary reference intakes for eicosapentaenoic and docosahexaenoic acids. J Nutr. 2009;139:804S–819S
  35. Collins N, Tighe AP, Brunton SA, Kris-Etherton PMK. Differences between dietary supplement and prescription drug omega-3 fatty acid formulations: a legislative and regulatory perspective. J Am Coll Nutr. 2008;27:659–666

 This work has been published in abstract form as part of the 7th International Symposium on Multiple Risk Factors in Cardiovascular Diseases held in Venice, Italy on October 22-25, 2008.

PII: S1933-2874(09)00271-2

doi: 10.1016/j.jacl.2009.06.002

Journal of Clinical Lipidology
Volume 3, Issue 4 , Pages 281-288 , August 2009

Article Tools

* Image Usage & Resolution