Background
Polyunsaturated fatty acids lower serum triglycerides by a mechanism that may involve
the inhibition of stearoyl-CoA desaturase (SCD).
Objective
We sought to evaluate the effects of serum fatty acids on 1) the SCD index in a controlled
clinical setting, and 2) SCD regulation in Hep G2 cells.
Methods
The SCD index was determined in 23 subjects randomly sequenced through 3 diets for
6 weeks in a crossover study. Diets were variably enriched with n-3 and n-6 polyunsaturated
fatty acids; notably, monounsaturated fatty acids were held constant. Effects of linoleic
acid (LA), α-linolenic acid (ALA), and eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) on mRNA levels
of SCD, fatty acid elongases 5 and 6 (Elovl5 and Elovl6), fatty acid synthase, carnitine
palmitoyltransferase-1, and sterol response element binding protein-1c were investigated
in Hep G2 cells after 24-hour incubations.
Results
The SCD indexes C18:1/18:0 and C16:1/C16:0 were significantly (P < .0001) correlated with serum TG with R2 values of 0.71 and 0.58. The correlation was negatively associated with LA and positively
associated with ALA. LA and EPA decreased SCD mRNA (EC50 of 0.50 and 1.67 μM), whereas ALA did not. Likewise, LA and EPA decreased sterol response element binding
protein-1c mRNA (EC50 of 0.78 and 1.78 μM), but ALA did not. Similar results were observed for Elovl6. GW9662, a peroxisome
proliferation activator receptor antagonist, did not obviate the effects of LA and
EPA on SCD mRNA.
Conclusions
Diets enriched in LA, ALA, and by metabolic inference EPA, can regulate SCD activity
at the level of transcription, a nutritional intervention that may be useful in the
management of increased levels of serum triglycerides in cardiometabolic disorders.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: June 22, 2009
Accepted:
June 12,
2009
Received:
February 11,
2009
Footnotes
This work has been published in abstract form as part of the 7th International Symposium on Multiple Risk Factors in Cardiovascular Diseases held in Venice, Italy on October 22-25, 2008.
Identification
Copyright
© 2009 National Lipid Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
