Background
Low vitamin D status has been associated with markers of cardiovascular disease risk.
Objective
This cross-sectional study assessed the relationships between serum 25-hydroxyvitamin
D [25(OH)D] and selected markers for cardiovascular disease risk, including metabolic
syndrome and its components, in adult men and women.
Methods
Fasting blood samples, anthropometric measurements, and blood pressure were assessed
in 257 men and women. Dietary intake was assessed with food frequency and dietary
supplement questionnaires.
Results
Total vitamin D intake and that from dietary supplements were significantly associated
with increasing serum 25(OH)D tertile (both P < .001). Mean±SEM serum high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased in a graded fashion
(P < .001) from the lowest (48.4±1.8 mg/dL) to the highest (62.3±2.1 mg/dL) 25(OH)D tertile. The relationship between 25(OH)D and HDL-C remained significant
(P < .001) after adjustment for established determinants of the HDL-C, with each 10-ng/mL
increase in 25(OH)D associated with a 4.2-mg/dL increase in HDL-C concentration. Serum
triglycerides (P=.008), waist circumference (P < .001), and body mass index (P < .001) showed graded, inverse relationships with 25(OH)D tertile, and the prevalence
of metabolic syndrome decreased significantly from the lowest to the highest 25(OH)D
tertile (31%, 14%, and 10%, respectively, P for trend=.001).
Conclusions
Lower serum 25(OH)D is associated with the metabolic syndrome and adverse values for
some metabolic syndrome risk factors, particularly the HDL-C concentration. Research
is warranted to assess whether increasing vitamin D intake will improve the metabolic
cardiovascular risk factor profile.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: July 21, 2009
Accepted:
July 13,
2009
Received:
July 9,
2009
Identification
Copyright
© 2009 National Lipid Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
