Highlights
- •Circadian rhythms regulate a variety of physiological functions in humans.
- •This cross-sectional study was conducted using 1:1:1 propensity score matching.
- •Evening preference potentially has a more atherogenic lipid profile.
- •The circadian rhythm plays a key role in lipid metabolism.
Background
Previous studies indicate that circadian preference is associated with various energy
metabolism and metabolic disorders. However, little is known about the associations
between a circadian rhythm and blood lipid levels, especially in humans.
Objective
The aim of the study was to investigate whether the circadian rhythm affects serum
lipid levels in Korean adults.
Methods
We designed a cross-sectional study to evaluate the associations between circadian
preference and blood lipid levels in Korean adults. A total of 1984 participants (range
of age 19–81 years) were included in this study. Propensity scores were calculated
using logistic regression with age, sex, and body mass index. A total of 435 subjects
were evaluated by propensity score matching analysis, equally distributed into morningness,
intermediate, and eveningness groups, each with 145 subjects. Circadian preference
was evaluated by the Morningness-Eveningness Questionnaire.
Results
Participants with the evening preference had significantly higher levels of total
cholesterol, triglyceride, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and non–high-density
lipoprotein cholesterol (non–HDL-C) when compared with those with morning or intermediate
preference, after adjusting for confounding variables. Regarding other lipid parameters,
both total cholesterol/HDL-C and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol/HDL-C in the
evening preference are significantly higher than those of other circadian preferences.
Evening preference was also significantly associated with a higher atherogenic index
of plasma.
Conclusion
Our study demonstrates that there is a significant association between circadian preference
and blood lipid levels. Our findings suggest that individuals with evening preference
could have a greater risk of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: April 29, 2019
Accepted:
April 18,
2019
Received:
November 10,
2018
Footnotes
This work was performed in Yonsei University College of Medicine.
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 Published by Elsevier Inc. on behalf of National Lipid Association.
