Highlights
- •Precisely assessed intake and circulating fatty acid levels were compared.
- •Participants had similar genetic backgrounds but varying fish intakes.
- •Marine-derived n-3 fatty acids showed a high correlation and a linear association.
- •Biosource is promising for the assessment of marine-derived n-3 fatty acids intake.
Background
Accurate assessment of fat intake is essential to examine relationships between diet
and disease risk. However, estimating individual intakes of fat quantity by dietary
assessment is difficult.
Objective
We assessed the association of plasma phospholipid fatty acid levels with dietary
intake of fatty acids in the INTERMAP/INTERLIPID study, conducted with a standardized
protocol.
Methods
The study participants were 1339 men and women ages 40–59 years from five Japanese
populations one from Hawaii; four from Japan. Fatty acid intake was estimated from
four standardized 24-hour dietary recalls. Plasma phospholipid fatty acid composition
was analyzed by gas chromatography. We illustrated the relationship between intake
and circulating fatty acid levels using Spearman's rank-correlation coefficients,
mean, and median values.
Results
Spearman's rank-correlation coefficients between intake (g/d) and circulating fatty
acid levels (µg/ml) were -0.03 to 0.21 for saturated fatty acids and monounsaturated
fatty acids and -0.04 to 0.32 for trans fatty acids. The coefficients for essential
n-3 and n-6 fatty acids were moderate to high, especially for eicosapentaenoic acid
(EPA), 0.60; docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), 0.41; and EPA+DHA, 0.51. The circulating
levels and intake of marine-derived n-3 fatty acids showed a linear association, at
least for the intake of EPA+DHA up to 2.1 g/d.
Conclusion
We observed high correlation between intake and circulating levels of marine-derived
n-3 fatty acids in participants from Japanese and Japanese-American populations with
high and low fish intake. Plasma phospholipid marine-derived n-3 fatty acid measurements
are a simple and reliable biomarker for assessing dietary intake.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 16, 2022
Accepted:
November 9,
2022
Received:
September 20,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 National Lipid Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
