Highlights
- •AMH and E2 changes relate differently to lipid/lipoprotein profile in midlife women.
- •Lower midlife E2 may be related to atherogenic lipid/lipoprotein profile in women.
- •Lower midlife AMH may be related to HDL dysfunctionality in women.
Background
The menopause transition (MT) is linked to adverse changes in lipids/lipoproteins.
However, the related contributions of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) and estradiol (E2)
are not clear.
Objective
To evaluate the independent associations of premenopausal AMH and E2 levels and their
changes with lipids/lipoproteins levels [total cholesterol (TC), triglyceride (TG),
low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol
(HDL-C), apolipoprotein B (apoB) and apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-1)] over the MT.
Methods
SWAN participants who transitioned to menopause without exogenous hormone use, hysterectomy,
or bilateral oophorectomy with data available on both exposure and outcomes when they
were premenopausal until the 1st visit postmenopausal were studied.
Results
The study included 1,440 women (baseline-age:meanSD=47.42.6) with data available from up to 9 visits (1997-2013). Lower premenopausal levels
and greater declines in AMH were independently associated with greater TC and HDL-C,
whereas lower premenopausal levels and greater declines in E2 were independently associated
with greater TG and apo B and lower HDL-C. Greater declines in AMH were independently
associated with greater apoA-1, and greater declines in E2 were independently associated
with greater TC and LDL-C.
Conclusions
AMH and E2 and their changes over the MT relate differently to lipids/lipoproteins
profile in women during midlife. Lower premenopausal and/or greater declines in E2
over the MT were associated with an atherogenic lipid/lipoprotein profile. On the
other hand, lower premenopausal AMH and/or greater declines in AMH over the MT were
linked to higher apo A-1 and HDL-C; the later found previously to be related to a
greater atherosclerotic risk after menopause.
Keywords
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: November 21, 2022
Accepted:
November 14,
2022
Received:
June 20,
2022
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 National Lipid Association. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
